In this article, we will explore what Iqlab is all about – from its definition to the letters involved, as well as how to pronounce it correctly. We’ll also dive into the different types of Iqlab, and the rules associated with it, and provide some examples from the Quran.
If you are interested in the art of reciting the Quran with proper pronunciation and a melodious rhythm, then you have come to the right place. Let us delve into the world of Iqlab in Tajweed!
Table of Contents
What is Iqlab in Tajweed?
Understanding the rule of Iqlab in Tajweed helps to ensure accurate recitation and proper application of this rule when reciting the Quran.
1. Definition of Iqlab:
In traditional tajweed teachings, while many recognize the rule as “iqlab,” the more classically accurate term, as emphasized by tajweed scholars, is “al qalb.”
Iqlab means to convert something into another. In Tajweed, Iqlab means converting Noon Sakinah or Tanween into a Meem letter without Harakah ( م ) when preceding an Iqlab letter. Iqlab should always be accompanied by a Ghunnah of two beats.
2. The Classical Arabic Perspective on Iqlab:
In classical Arabic, “al iqlab” refers to the alteration of an entity from its original state or the transformation of its inherent nature. The term preferred in ancient works seems to be al-Qalb.
However, in the context of Tajweed, the term iqlab is commonly used to describe this specific rule of substituting Noon Sakinah or tanween with meem before the letter ba ب.
Letters involved in Iqlab
The letters involved in Iqlab are Noon Sakinah or Tanween, which are converted into the letter Meem without Harakah (م) when they precede the letter Ba (ب).
By converting the Noon Sakinah or Tanween into Meem, the reciter creates a nasalized sound and maintains the harmony and clarity of the recitation. It is important to accurately recognize and apply this rule in Tajweed to ensure proper recitation of the Quran.
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How to pronounce Iqlab
Iqlab involves changing the sound of Noon Sakinah or Tanween to the sound of Meem when followed by the letter Ba ب. This change is achieved by closing the lips together and pronouncing the letter Meem م.
It is important to note that this transformation occurs only with the letter Ba ب due to its proximity to the Noon Sakinah or Tanween in terms of pronunciation points.
To pronounce Iqlab correctly, you should first pronounce the Noon Sakinah or Tanween with clarity, without any ghunnah.
Then, when you reach the letter Ba ب, you switch the pronunciation to the sound of Meem م with a distinct parting of the lips, without any Ghunnah. This results in a smooth and accurate recitation of the Quran, following the rules of Tajweed.
Types of Iqlab in Tajweed
Iqlab is an important concept in Tajweed. It refers to a specific rule related to the pronunciation of certain Arabic letters. Three types of Iqlab commonly occur:
1. Iqlab after Noon Sakinah in the Same Word:
This type occurs when the letter “ba” is located after a noon sakinah (a silent noon) in a word. An example of this is found in the word “أَنْبِئْهُمْ”.
2. Iqlab with “Ba” at the beginning of the Second Word:
The second type of Iqlab happens when the letter “ba” occurs at the beginning of the second word, and the letter “noun” is at the end of the first word. A prime example of this is seen in the phrase “مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ”.
3. Iqlab with “Ba” at the beginning of the Second Word and Tanween at the End of the First Word:
The third type of Iqlab occurs when the letter “ba” is at the beginning of the second word, and the tanween (nominal case ending) is at the end of the first word. An instance of this can be found in the phrase “عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ”.
Understanding the pronunciation of Arabic letters with Tajweed will assist you in accurately pronouncing words during your recitation and improve your comprehension of Tajweed principles.
Rules of Iqlab in Tajweed
In the study of Tajweed, understanding the rules governing each pronunciation is crucial. When it comes to Iqlab, there are specific guidelines that must be followed to ensure accurate recitation. Let’s take a closer look at the rules of Iqlab:
1. Reversing the pronunciation:
When a noon sakinah or tanween is followed by the letter “ba”, it is changed into the letter “meem”. The “meem” will be recited with a nasal sound (Ghunnah) and the Ghunnah will be held for two counts.
2. Ikhfaa:
After reversing the letter into “meem”, the nasal sound (Ghunnah) should be hidden and not pronounced clearly. It should be merged smoothly with the following letter “ba”.
3. Izhar Ghunnah with Ikhfaa:
The Ghunnah sound should be pronounced when followed by any letter other than “ba. However, when followed by “ba”, it should be hidden (Ikhfaa) and not pronounced distinctly.
– It is worth mentioning that the rule of Iqlab is also indicated in the physical representation of the Quran by placing a small meem above the “noon sakinah” followed by a “ba”, indicating its inversion by a meme.
– In the case of Tanween, one of the two movements is drawn, followed by a small meem. This serves as a visual reminder for reciters to apply the rule of Iqlab correctly.
Understanding the rules of Noon Saakin and Tanween in Tajweed will help learners to properly recite Quranic verses when they come across instances of Noon Saakinah during their study and recitation.
Read the Rules of Izhar.
Examples of Iqlab in the Quran
Iqlab is a Tajweed rule that occurs when there is a Noon Saakinah or Tanween followed by a Ba letter. In this case, the sound of the Noon Saakinah or Tanween changes to a Meem sound with nasalization. Let’s explore some examples of Iqlab in the Quran:
1- Examples of Iqlab in One Word:
– In Surah Al-Baqarah (2:33), Allah Almighty said: “قَالَ يَا آدَمُ أَنبِئْهُم بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ”, where the Noon Saakinah and baa have come together in the word “أَنبِئْهُم” with the inversion of the noon into a meem.
– In Surah Al-Humazah (104:4), Allah Almighty said: “كَلَّا لَيُنْبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ”, where the Noon Saakinah and baa have come together in the word “لَيُنْبَذَنَّ” with the inversion of the noon into a meem.
– In Surah An-Nahl (16:9), Allah Almighty said: “يُنْبِتُ لَكُمْ”, where the Noon Saakinah and baa have come together in the word “يُنْبِتُ” with the inversion of the noon into a meem.
2- Examples of Iqlab in Two Words:
– In Surah An-Nisa (4:12), Allah Almighty said: “مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَىٰ بِهَا”, where the Noon Saakinah is in one word and the baa is in a separate word.
– In Surah Al-Anfal (8:34), Allah Almighty said: “عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ”, where the Tanween is followed by the letter baa in the next word.
– In Surah Fussilat (41:5), Allah Almighty said: “وَمِن بَيْنِنَا وَبَيْنِكَ حِجَابٌ”, where the static letter nun is in one word and the iqlab letter baa is in the other word.
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Conclusion
Understanding the concept of Iqlab in Tajweed is essential for proper recitation of the Quran. By knowing the letters involved in Iqlab and how to pronounce them correctly, we can avoid mistakes and maintain the flow of our recitation.
The different types of Iqlab provide us with variations in pronunciation based on specific scenarios. Following the rules of Iqlab ensures that we adhere to the correct principles of Tajweed. Examples from the Quran further illustrate how Iqlab is applied in different verses.
To deepen your knowledge of Tajweed and enhance your recitation skills, consider enrolling in online courses at Bayan Al-Quran Academy. With expert guidance, you can master not only Iqlab but also other important aspects of Tajweed for a more profound connection with the divine words of Allah (SWT).
